A review on the label free nanowire based biosensor

Abstract

Advancement in nanotechnologies has encourage researchers to conduct studies related to nanowires formation. Studies regarding the types of nanowire based biosensors have been conducted and reported in this papers. Methods to synthesis or fabricated the nanowires such as silicon nanowires, zinc oxide nanowires and Titanium dioxide nanowire have been reported and describe in detail in this paper. Vapor-Liquid-Solid (VLS) mechanism, Vapor-Phase(VP) mechanism, sol-gel technologies, thermal annealing mechanism which contribute for nanowire formation or growth is reviewed. Further studies to improve the methodology in synthesizing the nanowires which improve better performance is conducted. Application of the nanowire for biosensor and surface functionalization procedure for detecting biological compound such as DNA and protein is studied. Various method is applied to functionalize the fabricated nanowire for detecting complex biological compound which is applicable in medical fields. This paper have reviewed the types of material is used as the base in nanowire synthesis.