A review of nanoparticles in indoor environment

Abstract

Research has focused on ultrafine particles typically particles <100nm in diameter and has indicated that characterizing exposure to such particles in terms of their mass concentration will lead to their toxicity being severely underestimated. Occupational exposure to airborne particles may be high as workers often work close to the source. Types of manufactured nanoparticles are aerosol, titanium dioxide (TiO2) and carbon black. Nanoparticles in workplaces may originate from several sources such as hot process e.g. smelting, welding and laser cutting and high-speed mechanical processes e.g. grinding. Although research has indicated that particle number concentration may be important, in most cases it appears that both concentration and particle size play a role in determining adverse effects to humans. Methodology using is risk assessment flow consists quantitative data sources, hazard identification, exposure assessment, dose-response assessment and risk characterization. After result analyze we found the titanium dioxide nanoaprticles are highly harmful to worker in indoor environment compare to carbon black and aerosol nanoparticles. In the future, research on nanoparticles should be more in Malaysia because nanoaprticles study had been exposed in developed countries. Students must also be exposing to nanoparticles development with the times. Nanoparticles have more adverse effect compare to PM10 and PM2.5.