Effects of Tabata workouts on the immune cell response in physically inactive individuals

Abstract

Background: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is popular nowadays as it produces similar positive results to moderate-intensity exercise, and at the same time, it is time-efficient as it needs a shorter exercise duration. To date, immune responses following HIIT are not well documented. Aim: To determine the effects of Tabata workouts on the immune cell response in physically inactive individuals. Methods: A total of 12 physically inactive individuals (mean age = 22.0 ± 0.9 years) were recruited amongst students of Universiti Sains Malaysia in this training programme for 6 weeks (3 sessions/week). This programme consisted of four sets of Tabata workouts, with each set containing two types of exercise (20 s for each exercise) with rest intervals between exercises of 10 s. Heart rate and rate of perceived exertion were recorded during each exercise session. Bodyweight, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage and blood samples (2 mL) were collected at baseline, at midtest and following the 6 weeks of intervention. Blood samples were analysed for total leucocyte, lymphocyte, neutrophil and monocyte counts. Results: There were significant increases in total leucocyte (P = 0.042) and neutrophil counts (P = 0.039) following 6 weeks of Tabata workouts. An increasing trend was also observed for monocyte count (P = 0.065) but not for the lymphocyte count (P = 0.304). Participants’ body weight, BMI and body fat percentage were maintained throughout the intervention period. Conclusion: HIIT induced positive immune cell response in physically inactive individuals. Hence, it can be recommended and incorporated in exercise programme design for physically inactive individuals.