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dc.contributor.authorTan, Xiao Jian
dc.contributor.authorNazahah, Mustafa
dc.contributor.authorMohd Yusoff, Mashor
dc.contributor.authorKhairul Shakir, Ab Rahman
dc.date.accessioned2019-01-15T02:38:32Z
dc.date.available2019-01-15T02:38:32Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.identifier.citationJournal of Engineering Research and Education, vol.10, 2018, pages 57-72en_US
dc.identifier.issn2232-1098
dc.identifier.urihttp://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/57951
dc.descriptionLink to publisher's homepage at http://jere.unimap.edu.myen_US
dc.description.abstractBreast carcinoma grading of histopathological images is the standard clinical practice for the prognosis and diagnosis of breast carcinoma development. The grading provides semi-quantitative assessment for mitotic activity, tubules formation and nucleus pleomorphism. Semi-quantitative scores obtained from the manual grading are inconsistent and may lead to inter- and intra- raters variability. Fortunately, the recent advances in image processing have significantly increased the possibility of fully quantifying the breast carcinoma features, reducing workload of pathologist and providing reproducible and high accuracy results. This paper is meant as an introduction for non-experts. It starts with an overview of the breast carcinoma, breast carcinoma grading systems and followed by a discussion on different image processing techniques applied to measure tubules formation, nucleus pleomorphism and mitotic activity as well as a discussion on complete system for the breast carcinoma measurement.en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherUniversiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)en_US
dc.subjectBiomedical Engineeringen_US
dc.subjectImage Processingen_US
dc.subjectBreast Carcinomaen_US
dc.subjectNottingham Grading Systemen_US
dc.subjectQuantitative Measurementen_US
dc.titleImage Processing in Breast Carcinoma Histopathological Image: A Reviewen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.contributor.urlxj_0506@gmail.comen_US


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