Design of 4.0 kWp Solar PV System for Residential House under Net Energy Metering Scheme

Abstract

Renewable Energy Act (RE Act) has been gazetted by Malaysian Government in 2011 to catalyse energy generation from renewable resources. The Feed-in Tariff (FiT) scheme was introduced to promote energy generation from solar PV, biomass, biogas and small hydroelectric up to 30 MW. Solar PV is the most popular resource due to its high FiT rates. However, the FiT scheme for PV expired in 2016 and has been replaced by the Net Energy Metering (NEM) scheme. The objective of this project is to design a 4.0 kWp solar PV system for a residential house under NEM scheme. The methodology involves analysing meteorological data, configuring daily load demand, PV array and grid-connected inverter sizing and lastly simulation of the system by using PVsyst. Based on the results obtained, the amount of energy generated is 5704.4 kWh per year where 9.7% of it has been utilized by the residential load while the other 90.3% has been exported to the grid. The average daily energy production is 3.91 kWh/kWp with 79.6% of annual performance ratio. This NEM design set-up is expected to gain profit of RM 1187 per annum to the residential consumers and avoiding almost 4.0 tons of CO2 emission to the environment.