• Classification of domestic burning smell using covariance k-nearest neighbour algorithm for early fire detection application 

  Allan Melvin, Andrew; Kamarulzaman, Kamarudin; Syed Muhammad, Mamduh; Ali Yeon, Md Shakaff; Ammar, Zakaria; Abdul Hamid, Adom; David Lorater, Ndzi; Ragunathan, Santiagoo (Italian Association of Chemical Engineering (AIDIC), 2014)

  Fire is one of the most common hazards in households. It is the fifth leading unintentional cause of injury and death, behind motor vehicle crashes, falls, poisoning by solids or liquids, and drowning. It also ranks as the ...

• Probabilistic neural network based olfactory classification for household burning in early fire detection application 

  Allan Melvin, Andrew; Kamarulzaman, Kamarudin; Syed Muhammad, Mamduh; Ali Yeon, Md Shakaff; Ammar, Zakaria; Abdul Hamid, Adom; David Lorater, Ndzi; Ragunathan, Santiagoo (IEEE, 2013-12)

  Determination of burning smell is important because it can help in early fire detection and prevention. In this paper, a household burning smell classification system for early fire detection application has been proposed ...

• The effect of polypropylene maleic anhydride (PPMAH) on properties of polypropylene (PP)/recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR r)/rice husk powder (RHP) composites 

  Ragunathan, Santiagoo; Hanafi, Ismail; Kamarudin, Hussin (Universiti Putra Malaysia, 2010-07)

  The effect of polypropylene maleic anhydride (PPMAH) on tensile properties and morphology of polypropylene (PP)/recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBRr)/ rice husk powder (RHP) composites has been studied. The ...

• The effect of silane treatment on tensile properties and morphology of polypropylene/recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber/rice husk powder composites 

  Ragunathan, Santiagoo; Hanafi, Ismail; Kamarudin, Hussin (Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2011)

  The effect of silane treatment on tensile properties and morphology of recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber(NBRr)/polypropylene(PP)/rice husk powder(RHP) composites has been studied. Polypropylene/recycled acrylonitrile ...

• Investigation of epoxidized natural rubber (Enr 50) as a compatibilizer on cogon grass filled low density polyethylene/soya spent flour 

  Nurul Hani; Nik Noriman, Zulkepli, Dr.; Sam, Sung Ting, Dr.; Hairul Nizam, Ismail (Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2015)

  Natural fiber reinforced composites are increasingly being used in various applications area. Therefore, the processing method and physical properties of these composites are very important parameters in product quality ...

• Thermal degradation of high-density polyethylene/soya spent powder blends 

  Sung Ting, Sam; Norsri Kurniati, Achmad; Hanafi, Ismail; Ragunathan, Santiagoo; Nik Noriman, Zulkepli (Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2015-06-01)

  This study investigates the properties of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with different soya spent powder (SSP) blend contents upon oven aging. The aged properties of the HDPE/SSP blends were studied by using tensile ...

• Mechanical properties, water absorption, and swelling behaviour of rice husk powder filled polypropylene/recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (pp/nbrr/rhp) biocomposites using silane as a coupling agent 

  Ragunathan, Santiagoo; Hanafi, Ismail; Kamarudin, Hussin (North Carolina University, 2011-11)

  The performance of rice husk powder (RHP) filled polypropylene (PP)/recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBRr) biocomposites with and without coupling agent, γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APS), were investigated. The ...

• Effects of Acetic Anhydride on the properties of Polypropylene(PP)/Recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene(NBRr)/Rice Husk Powder(RHP) composites 

  Ragunathan, Santiagoo; Hanafi, Ismail; Kamarudin, Hussin (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2012-11)

  PP/NBRr/RHP composites were prepared by incorporation of rice husk powder at different loadings into PP/NBRr matrix with an internal mixer at 180°C for 9 min and 50 rpm rotor speed. The effects of rice husk powder filler ...

• The effect of polypropylene maleic anhydride on polypropylene/(recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber)/(sugarcane bagasse) composite 

  Ragunathan, Santiagoo; Zainal, Mustaffa; Kamarudin, Hussin; Sung Ting, Sam; Hanafi, Ismail (Society of Plastics Engineers, 2015-07)

  The effect of polypropylene maleic anhydride (PPMAH) on the tensile properties and morphology of polypropylene (PP)/(recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber) (NBRr)/(sugarcane bagasse) (SCB) composites has been studied. ...

• Recent advances in polyolefins/natural polymer blends used for packaging application 

  Sung Ting, Sam; Nuradibah, Mohd Amer; Hanafi, Ismail; Nik Noriman, Zulkepli; Ragunathan, Santiagoo (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2014-04)

  This article reviews the recent advances made in polyolefin and natural polymer blends used for packaging applications, with a focus on their degradation. Nondegradable polymers are now considered as a serious environmental ...

• Comparison of processing and mechanical properties of polypropylene/recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber/rice husk powder composites modified with silane and acetic anhydride compound 

  Santiagoo, Ragunanthan; Hanafi, Ismail; Kamarudin, Hussin, Brig. Jen. Dato' Prof. Dr. (SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014-12)

  Polypropylene (PP)/recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBRr)/rice husk powder (RHP) composites were fabricated with silane and acetic anhydride (Ac) treatment agent. The in situ formed RHP-filled PP/NBRr composites ...

• Natural rubber/styrene butadiene rubber/recycled nitrile glove (NR/SBR/rNBRg) ternary blend: Tensile properties & morphology 

  Nik Zakaria, Nik Yahya; Nik Noriman, Zulkepli, Dr.; Hanafi, Ismail; Sam, Sung Ting, Dr.; Santiagoo, Ragunanthan (AENSI Publisher All rights reserved, 2013-10)

  Recycling waste rubber products by utilising them in rubber blends had provided the simplest and most cost-effective ways in solving several environmental issues regarding the abundance of scrap rubbers. Discarded nitrile ...

• Comparison of mechanical properties of polypropylene/acrylonitrile butadiene rubber/rice husk powder composites modified with silane and acetic anhydride compound 

  Santiagoo, Ragunanthan; Sam, Sung Ting, Dr.; Nik Noriman, Zulkepli, Dr.; Wan Amiza Amneera, Wan Ahmad; Andrew, Allan Melvin; Hanafi, Ismail (Trans Tech Publications, 2013-09)

  Polypropylene(PP)/Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber(NBRr)/rice husk powder(RHP) composites was fabricated with silane and acetic anhydride treatment agent. The in- situ formed RHP filled PP/NBRr composites were prepared by ...

• Tensile properties and FTIR analysis of HDPE/soya spent powder in oven aging 

  Sam, Sung Ting, Dr.; Norsri Kurniati, Achmad; Nik Noriman, Zulkepli, Dr.; Santiagoo, Ragunanthan; Hanafi, Ismail (AENSI Publisher All rights reserved, 2013-10)

  This investigation involves pure HDPE and then HDPE with addition of soya spent powder with different weight percentagesbefore and after exposing in the oven aging. The characteristics of pure HDPE and HDPE/ soya spent ...

• Thermal properties of linear-low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/soya spent powder blends with the addition of epoxidised natural rubber 

  Sam, Sung Ting, Dr.; Nik Noriman, Zulkepli, Dr.; Santiagoo, Ragunanthan.; Ong, Hui Lin, Dr.; Hanafi, Ismail (Trans Tech Publications, 2013)

  Soya spent powder as an inexpensive and renewable source has been used as a filler for linear-low density polyethylene (LLDPE) in this study. Linear-low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/soya spent powder composites were prepared ...

• Tensile properties LLDPE/soya spent powder blends: Oven aging 

  Sam, Sung Ting, Dr.; Nik Noriman, Zulkepli, Dr.; Santiagoo, Ragunanthan; Ong, Hui Lin, Dr.; Hanafi, Ismail (Trans Tech Publications, 2013)

  Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE)/soya spent powder blends with different blends ratio were prepared by using internal mixer. Soya spent powder was varied from 5 to 40 wt. The thermal degradability was assessed by ...

• Effects of trans-polyoctylene rubber in polypropylene/recycled acrylonitrile butadiene/rice husk powder composites 

  Ragunathan, Santiagoo; Sam, Sung Ting, Dr.; Azlinda, Abdul Ghani; Kamarudin, Hussin, Brig. Jen. Dato' Prof. Dr.; Hanafi, Ismail, Prof. Dr.; Mustaqqim, Abdul Rahim; Zuhayr, Md Ghazaly (Trans Tech Publications, 2014)

  Composites of polypropylene/Acylonitrile butadiene rubber/Rice husk powder/ (PP/NBRr/RHP) with and without trans-polyoctylene rubber (TOR) were prepared, and the effects of trans-polyoctylene rubber were investigated. By ...

• Tensile and morphological properties of low density polyethylene/ spear grass composites 

  Sam, Sung Ting, Dr.; Santhiya, Peremel; Ragunathan, Santiagoo; Nik Noriman, Zulkepli, Dr.; Hanafi, Ismail, Prof. Dr. (Trans Tech Publications, 2014)

  The spear grass content on the tensile properties, morphology of low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/spear grass was investigated. The compatibilising effect of epoxidised natural rubber (ENR 50) LDPE and spear grass was mixed ...

• The behaviours of steel fiber as main reinfocement in high performance slurry infiltrated fiber reinforced concrete 

  Mustaqqim, Abdul Rahim; Zuhayr, Md Ghazaly; Ragunathan, Santiagoo; Shahiron, Shahidan (Trans Tech Publications, 2014)

  Normally, the concrete structure fabricated by combining steel bars as main reinforcement to the concrete mix. In this methid, the steel fiber is randomly distributed in the mould before the concrete slurry takes place. ...

• Natural rubber/styrene butadiene rubber/recycled nitrile glove (NR/SBR/rNBRg) ternary blend: Curing characteristics and swelling test 

  Nik Zakaria, Nik Yahya; Nik Noriman, Zulkepli, Dr.; Mohd Arif Anuar, Mohd Salleh; Hanafi, Ismail, Prof.; Ragunathan, Santiagoo (Trans Tech Publications, 2014)

  Curing characteristics and swelling behavior of natural rubber/styrene butadiene rubber/recycled nitrile glove (NR/SBR/rNBRg) blends were investigated. Eleven composition ratio; 50/50/0, 50/40/10, 50/30/20, 50/20/30, ...

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