Bioactive compounds in Annona Muricata and Clinacanthus Nutans as subtitutes to chemically based drugs

Abstract

Annona Muricata also known as soursop belongs to Annonaceae family. Clinacanthus Nutans commonly known as belalai gajah belongs to Acanthaceae family. Annona Muricata and Clinacanthus Nutans can be used traditionally to treat many health problems including cancer. Samples of different parts of Annona Muricata and Clinacanthus Nutans plants ware used to determine the total phenolic content (TPC). The extraction by using the sonication method obtained the highest TPC with 212.08 mg GAE/g of Annona Muricata and 59.81 mg GAE/g of Clinacanthus Nutans. Design of Experiment (DOE) software was used to extract TPC for different parts of Annona Muricata and Clinacanthus Nutans plants by using the sonication extraction method. The extraction under sonication method were studied under two parameters which were time and frequency. The highest amount of TPC in Annona Muricata leaves sample was 212.53 mg GAE/g, Annona Muricata stems sample was 202.30 mg GAE/g, Annona Muricata fruits sample was 128.65 mg GAE/g and Clinacanthus Nutans leaves sample was 87.08 mg GAE/g. The optimum condition were at 30-35 minutes and frequency at 64%. Annona Muricata and Clinacanthus Nutans plants contained high amount of carbohydrate content 9.1-6.45% especially in Annona Muricata fruits sample. Both Annona Muricata and Clinacanthus Nutans sample has low protein amount of 0.03-0.67%. The functional groups was analyzed by using FTIR. The functional groups present in Annona Muricata and Clinacanthus Nutans samples were phenol, alkanes, amine, carbonyl and alkenes.