Antioxidant properties from different plant parts of Bunga Kantan (Etlingera elatior) and optimization studies of selected plant parts

Abstract

Evaluation of antioxidant properties including antioxidant activity and total phenolic content from Bunga Kantan leaves. Natural antioxidants are crucial to replace synthetic antioxidants that possess side effects. Extraction was done on selected plant parts of Bunga Kantan including leaves, stem and flower parts to evaluate their antioxidant potentiality. The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method was used to optimize the extraction of antioxidant activity from Bunga Kantan. Leaves part of Bunga Kantan extracted using methanolic solvent promotes highest antioxidant activity which is 71.33 ± 0.0121% as compared to stem (59.65 ± 0.0333 %), flower (65.93 ± 0.0154 %) using the same extracting solvent. Thus, Bunga Kantan leaves was chosen to be continued with the screening and optimization process. Single factor experiment using the one factor at a time (OFAT) method was done to study the effect of each extraction parameter which was extraction frequency, extraction temperature and extraction time. The extraction condition in each parametric study which results in highest antioxidant activity was used as the middle level of optimization process using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in conjunctional with central composite design (CCD). The optimum condition for Bunga Kantan leaf was found to be at extraction frequency of 24 kHz, extraction temperature of 60 °C and extraction time of 30 minutes. Which result in antioxidant activity of 61.28 %.