The evaluation of soil NPK mapping of Harumanis plant under greenhouse in ArcGIS software using statistical method

Abstract

The spatial and temporal of N, P, and K in the soil were studied in greenhouse (GH05) at Sustainable Agrotechnology Institute (INSAT), University Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Campus Sungai Chuchuh, Padang Besar, Perlis. The objectives of this study are to determine and analyse the spatial and temporal NPK level of Harumanis plant in Greenhouse (GH05) using ArcGIS software. Besides, the best interpolation methods to predict the NPK level at the unsampled location were evaluated. Based on the results obtained from the soil analysis indicates that the range of the NPK level in the study area were 0.01-0.12% (N), 0.01-0.06% (P) and 0.13-0.33 (K) respectively. By using the mapping technique, the nutrient maps showed that the study area (GH05) was deficient of N whereas P and K were adequate. Furthermore, the best interpolation for N, P and K were evaluated by comparing the Mean-Squared Error (MSE) and Goodness of Prediction Estimate (G). Kriging was the best interpolation method for N whereas IDW and Spline were the best interpolation method for P and K respectively. The best interpolation method for N is chosen based of the MSE from IDW which was 1.3020×10-3. On the other hand, the best interpolation for P was based on the MSE and G value obtained from Kriging of P which were 1.6928×10-4 and -13.18 respectively. For K, Spline was chosen as the best interpolation based on the MSE and G value which were 2.7005×10-4 and 93.29 respectively. In this study, it implies that precision farming provides a useful management tools to improve the effectiveness of the fertilizer management.