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Title: | Insight on the structural aspect of ENR-50/TiO2 hybrid in KOH/C3H8O medium revealed by NMR spectroscopy |
Authors: | Omar S., Dahham Rosniza, Hamzah Mohamad, Abu Bakar Nik Noriman, Zulkepli Abdulkader M., Alakrach Sam, Sung Ting Mohd Firdaus, Omar Tijjani, Adam Al-rashdi, Awad A. rosnizahamzah@unimap.edu.my |
Keywords: | Organic/inorganic hybrid Epoxidized natural rubber Titania NMR Thermal properties |
Issue Date: | 2020 |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Citation: | Arabian Journal of Chemistry, vol.13(1), 2020, pages 2400-2413 |
Abstract: | The ring-opening reactions (ROR) of epoxide groups in epoxidized natural rubber/titania (ENR-50/TiO2) hybrid in potassium hydroxide/isopropanol medium were examined using NMR spectroscopy and supported by the FTIR technique. The thermal behaviour of the hybrid was also studied using TG/DTG and DSC analyses. The 1H NMR results suggested that 16.82% of ROR occurred in the hybrid, while the 13C NMR results exhibited five new peaks at δ 19.5, 71.0, 73.7, 91.7 and 94.4 ppm in the hybrid. 2D NMR, such as HMQC, HMBC and COSY techniques, further scrutinized these assignments. The FTIR spectrum exhibited Ti-O-C characteristics via the peak at 1028 cm−1. The TG/DTG results showed four steps of thermal degradation at 44–148, 219–309, 331–489 and 629–810 °C due to the existence of Ti moieties along with a polymer chain mixture (intact and ring-opened epoxide groups) of ENR-50, which in turn led to an increase in the Tg value of the hybrid to 27 °C compared to that of purified ENR-50 at −17.72 °C. |
Description: | Link to publisher's homepage at https://elsevier.com/ |
URI: | http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/68730 |
ISSN: | 1878-5352 (print) |
Appears in Collections: | Nik Noriman Zulkepli, Assoc. Prof. Ts. Dr. Sam Sung Ting, Assoc. Prof. Ts. Dr. |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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Insight on the structural aspect of ENR-50TiO2 hybrid.pdf | Main article | 3.74 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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