The effect of sintering temperature on structure and electrical properties of CaTiO3 synthesized from hen’s eggshell via hydrothermal process

Abstract

This article reports the effect of the sintering temperature on structural and electrical properties of CaTiO3 synthesized via a hydrothermal route from hen’s eggshell waste as a calcium source. The eggshell-derived powder was reacted with a commercial TiO2 powder in the hydrothermal reactor then sintered in a furnace with varied temperatures. The result of X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the crystal phase of the CaTiO3 samples depended on the sintering temperature. As the sintering temperature increased, the crystal phase of starting materials and secondary products decreasing, as a result, the crystal phase of CaTiO3 sample to become purer. The SEM image shows that CaTiO3 grains become finer and more uniform as the sintering temperature increases. The result of I-V characterization confirmed that sintering temperature greatly affected the electrical properties of CaTiO3. The electrical parameter of CaTiO3 samples was affected by sintering temperature, where the resistance of CaTiO3 increased with the increasing sintering temperature. Whereas the resistivity of CaTiO3 samples decreases with increasing sintering temperature, vice versa with the electrical conductivity.