Assessing Cerberaodollam flowers for antimicrobial property against Colletotrichumcapsiciand Bacillus subtilis

Abstract

Nowadays, overuse of chemical fungicide has side effect which is harmful to human consumption, causes environmental problem, and destroy the antagonist microorganisms. Overuse of antibiotic also resulted to multi drug-resistant (MDR), where antibiotics become ineffective against these bacterial strains. Therefore, it is important to develop natural fungicide and bactericide from plant extract. For the current study, chilli anthracnose fungus, Colletotrichumcapsici and bacteria Bacillus subtilis were used for antifungal and antibacterial activity. C. capcisi was isolated from chilli and its morphology was identified by its white colony colour, fluffy cottony look on PDA, rings of acervuli and curved conidia. Antifungal activity was demonstrated by using different concentration C. odollam flower extract (500 ppm to 4000 ppm). C. odollam has low inhibition against C. capsici at 3000 ppm and 4000 ppm. As for the antibacterial activity, different concentrations of C. odollam flower extracts (1.25 mg/ml until 200 mg/ml) were tested on B. subtilis by using disk diffusion method. C. odollam has moderate inhibition against B. subtilis (11.30 mg/ml).B. subtilis proved that MIC value is 5 mg/ml. The phytochemical test confirmed the presence of steroids, glycosides, triterpenoids, terpenoids, tannin and phenolic compound. In conclusion, C. odollam is not suitable to replace chemical fungicide against C. capsici. On the other hand, C. odollam is suitable to be commercialized as natural bactericide.