Ground penetrating radar (GPR) system for detecting buried objects underground

Abstract

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is an object detection system which antenna transmits pulses of radio waves or microwaves which bounce off any object in their path. In this project, a circular patch printed antenna is proposed to be used for GPR Application. This project concentrates on monopole antenna which operates within 1 GHz until 3 GHz frequency band. To obtain the optimum design, the characteristics of proposed antenna are numerically investigated through the physical parameter of the antenna. The proposed antenna is deployed on a Taconic TLY-5 substrate with permittivity of 2.2 and thickness of 1.6mm. The antenna is simulated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio simulator for design process and using photolithography technique as well as etching in fabrication process. Details of the antenna design, simulation results and measurement results are presented and discussed. The antenna is also simulated with a model of buried object inside a soil. There are two types of buried object considered in this project which are wood and PEC. From the E-field simulation, it can see that when the signal through into the soil. When the PEC underground, it cannot absorb the signal and cause the signal reflects it back. When the wood underground, it can absorb the signal and cause the signal through inside the soil. The measurement result is using Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). Lastly, experimental setup also presented and discussed.