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dc.contributor.authorHakimah, Osman, Dr.-
dc.contributor.authorMariatti, Jaafar, Assoc. Prof. Dr.-
dc.contributor.authorHanafi, Ismail. Prof.-
dc.date.accessioned2014-06-16T03:57:37Z-
dc.date.available2014-06-16T03:57:37Z-
dc.date.issued2008-
dc.identifier.citationJournal of Vinyl and Additive Technology, vol.14(3), 2008, pages 142–151en_US
dc.identifier.issn1083-5601-
dc.identifier.urihttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/vnl.20156/abstract-
dc.identifier.urihttp://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/dspace/handle/123456789/35557-
dc.descriptionLink to publisher's homepage at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/en_US
dc.description.abstractComparison was made between the properties of recycled newspaper (RNP)/carbon black (CB) and recycled newspaper (RNP)/silica hybrid filled polypropylene (PP)/natural rubber (NR) composites. The properties studied were mechanical, thermal, and morphological. These composites were also subjected to natural weathering, i.e., the tropical climate in Penang, Malaysia, for 6 months. The incorporation of CB and silica at all weight ratios of RNP/CB and RNP/silica hybrid gave increases in tensile strength, elongation at break (EB), Young's modulus, melting temperature (Tm), heat of fusion of composites (ΔHf(com)), crystallinity of composites (Xcom), and the crystallinity of PP (XPP). As expected, the tensile properties (except for Young's modulus), Tm, ΔHf(com), Xcom, and XPP of the composites exhibited lower values after weathering than before weathering. The extent of chemical degradation was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the results showed the formation of several functional groups, i.e., hydroxyl, hydroperoxide, vinyl, carboxylic acid, and ketone. At the same filler weight ratio, the composites filled with RNP/CB hybrid showed higher values of tensile strength and EBbut lower values of Young's modulus, ΔHf(com), XPP, and XPP, as compared to those with the RNP/silica hybrid under weathering conditions. The good retention in tensile properties indicated that the replacement of RNP by CB and silica improved the weatherability performance of the PP/NR composites.en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherWileyen_US
dc.subjectRecycled newspaper (RNP)/ carbon black (CB)en_US
dc.subjectRecycled newspaper (RNP) silica hybriden_US
dc.subjectTensile propertiesen_US
dc.subjectCompositesen_US
dc.titleHybrid-filler filled polypropylene/ (natural rubber) composites: effects of natural weathering on mechanical and thermal properties and morphologyen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.url10.1002/vnl.20156-
dc.contributor.urlhakimah@unimap.edu.myen_US
dc.contributor.urlmariatti@eng.usm.myen_US
dc.contributor.urlhanafi@eng.usm.myen_US
Appears in Collections:Hakimah Osman, Associate Prof. Dr.



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