A review of motivational factors and employee retention: A future direction for pakistan

Abstract

This study intends to scrutinize the findings of existing studies on five motivational factors affecting employee retention in a developing country, Pakistan. The present study is exploratory in nature that employees content analysis of 18 published articles in Pakistan. While, 52 articles are from other countries, extracted through google scholar, Scopus database and web of science database. The present study revealed that work-life balance, job security, job autonomy and social supports indicates both positive and negative association with employee retention. While, it is concluded that job embeddedness is a relatively new and less explored concept as compared to other factors; thus, its relationship with employee retention needs further investigation in Pakistan. The present study only incorporated empirical work that is related to motivational factors i.e. work-life balance, job security, job embeddedness, job autonomy and social support. Other than that, various motivational factors can be added in the study to explain the ongoing issue of employee retention. This is a comprehensive review study that focused exclusively on employee’s motivational factors affecting employee retention, by analyzing 72 articles from the period (1984-2019).