Movement, Health and Exercise (MoHE)
http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/42269
2024-03-29T02:01:32ZThe effects of running velocity-matched treadmill versus overground-simulated soccer match-play on heart rate and rate of perceived exertion in recreationally trained soccer players: A preliminary study
http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/77487
The effects of running velocity-matched treadmill versus overground-simulated soccer match-play on heart rate and rate of perceived exertion in recreationally trained soccer players: A preliminary study
Raja Mohammed Firhad, Raja Azidin
Background: There are various attempts to replicate the demands of soccer match-play, simulating the irregular pattern
of locomotion based on motion analysis of actual soccer match-play, using either treadmill or underground protocols.
Aims: The aim of this preliminary study was to investigate whether the modified treadmill versus overground
soccer-specific simulation replicated the physiological effects of match-play.
Methods: Six healthy (n = 6) recreationally soccer-trained male players (age, 24 ± 2 years; height, 173 ± 7 cm
and body mass, 76 ± 6 kg) participated in this repeated measure design study. During the testing session, each
player completed a 45-min treadmill and overground-simulated match-play involving the same average running
velocity. Heart rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded every 5 min throughout the simulation.
Results: The physiological responses in the overground simulation (heart rate 169 ± 9 beats.min−1; RPE 14 ± 1)
were significantly greater than the treadmill simulation (heart rate 145 ± 12 beats.min−1; RPE 12 ± 1).
Conclusions: The heart rate and RPE response in the overground simulation was consistent with soccer players during
actual match-play. The treadmill simulation, however, demonstrated a lesser physiological response compared to that
as observed during match-play likely due to the exclusion of utility movements and high accelerations and deceleration.
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2022-08-11T00:00:00ZSports-related injuries and illnesses during the Four Feathers Ultra Marathon 2020, Sabah: a retrospective study
http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/77486
Sports-related injuries and illnesses during the Four Feathers Ultra Marathon 2020, Sabah: a retrospective study
Azmi Mohamed Nahar
Background: There were limited studies on the prevalence of injuries and illnesses among ultramarathoners.
Aim and Objectives: This was a retrospective study to describe the injuries and illnesses seen during Four Feather
Ultra Marathon 2020, Sabah, held from 29th February 2020 to 1st March 2020, for future preparation of medical
team standby.
Methods: All ultramarathoners who reported to the medical camp or on site with medical complains, and
musculoskeletal complains were included in the study pools. There were 6 medical camp sites; KM10, KM19,
KM36, KM51, KM62 and KM90.
Results: The incidence of injury was 504 per 1000 athletes, 478 per 1000 km run, and 401.4 per 1000 h run. There
was no severe injury or medical illness that require urgent referral to a hospital. For minor injuries and illnesses,
54.3 % due to medical conditions, 39.8% due to musculoskeletal injuries and 5.9% due to skin conditions. For
heat-related illness, 31.5% were heat cramps and 15.7% were heat exhaustion. 50KM category runners have the
highest percentage of heat-related illness (78.3%) followed by 90km category (11.7%) and 20km category (10%).
74.2% (n = 89) of heat-related illness occurred at KM 19, 20% (n=24) occurred at KM 37, 2.5% (n = 3) at KM 50,
and 3.3% (n = 4) at KM 70.
Conclusion: It is important to identify the early signs of severe heat-related illness. Thus, pre-planning medical
standby is crucial to alert all medical staff during the event regarding symptoms and signs of heat-related illnesses
during the event.
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2022-08-11T00:00:00ZOptimal race analysis parameters of freestyle swimming events: a case study
http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/77485
Optimal race analysis parameters of freestyle swimming events: a case study
Introduction: During the swim meet, race analysis is a common practice to provide insight into each event. This
case study explores the variables of swimming performance using the video analysis method.
Purpose: To determine the best indicator from a set of swim variables (digitised from video) for competitive swim
races by one Malaysian freestyle swimmer in preparation for the Tokyo Olympic Games 2020.
Methods: Race video footage was analysed retrospectively to determine the key parameter for each event
distance. The following variables were calculated: start time, end time (ET), turn time (TT), stroke count, stroke
length, stroke rate, average velocity (AV) and stroke index. Differences were subsequently assessed among the
parameters within the same event style.
Results: The results from the correlation test between the eight digitised variables and final time (FT) showed
that for both 200 and 400 m events the variables AV (respectively, r = −0.96 and r = −0.94) and TT (respectively,
r = 0.89 and r = 0.83) were significantly correlated. In addition, for the 200 m events, the ET also significantly
correlated (r = −0.94) with FT.
Conclusion: This swimmer and over this period of Olympic qualifiers competitions, AV and TT were the best
indicators for swim performance. Regarding the 200 m events, the end (sprint) time may also be an indicator.
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2022-08-11T00:00:00ZIsometric quadriceps pressure difference: A simple and cost-effective tool to identify and regain quadriceps muscle strength following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction - A case series
http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/77484
Isometric quadriceps pressure difference: A simple and cost-effective tool to identify and regain quadriceps muscle strength following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction - A case series
Mohanakrishnan, Jagadevan; Bhanumathy, Mohanakrishnan; Salaja, Murugesan; Fletcher, Jebaraj; Kumar, Navin; Thangamani, Ramalingam
Introduction: Quadriceps weakness and extension deficit of the knee following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
reconstruction (ACLR) can threaten rehabilitation, and isometric quadriceps exercise is the usual prescription.
However, the outcome depends more on the individual’s re-learning process. Identification of this lacuna and
focussed attention to the isometric strength of quadriceps are lacking in the current practice, and developing a tool
can lead to optimal outcomes in ACLR. The objective of this study was to assess the role of ‘isometric quadriceps
pressure difference’ (IQPD) in regaining quadriceps strength following the ACLR using a simple tool.
Patients and Methods: Eight patients who underwent post-operative ACL rehabilitation between March 2016
and May 2018 were analysed retrospectively. A ‘progressive isometric training protocol (PITP)’ based on IQPD
was prescribed along with the standard protocol. Data were collected from the case records of the patients.
IQPD, thigh muscle girth and heel height difference (HHD) were noted pre-operatively, immediately following
surgery and 3 months post-operatively. A non-parametric test was used to compare the outcomes before and
after surgery.
Results: Based on the analysis, the inclusion of IQPD-based PITP in regaining the terminal extension had a
significant statistical difference in the IQPD, HHD and girth (p < 0.007, p < 0.005 and p = 0.027, respectively).
Conclusion: IQPD can be a simple, cost-effective strategy to identify subtle quadriceps weakness. Further, PITP
can improve the isometric quadriceps strength in the acute post-operative period and reduce the incidence of
knee extension deficit in post-ACLR.
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2022-08-11T00:00:00Z